Class X - SSLC - Biology Quick Notes : Sensations And Responses-3

  August 16, 2020   ,   Edit
The fluid which provides nutrients and oxygen to brain tissues is Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Cerebrospinal fluid is a fluid formed from the blood inside the meninges and eventually reabsorbed to the blood. Functions of CSF are,

  1. CSF provides nutrients and oxygen to brain tissues.
  2. Regulates the pressure inside the brain.
  3. Protects brain from injuries.


Functional parts of human brain
Cerebrum
The largest part of the brain.
Numerous fissures and folds are seen.
The grey coloured outer part of cerebrum is called Cortex and the white coloured inner part is called Medulla.
Centre of thought, intelligence, memory and imagination.
Evokes sensations.
Controls voluntary movements

Thalamus
Situated below the cerebrum.
Acts as relay station of impulses to and from the cerebrum.
Analyses impulses from various parts of the body and sends the important ones to the cerebrum.

Cerebellum
The second largest part of the brain.
Seen behind the cerebrum as two flaps.
Fissures and grooves are present.
Coordinates muscular activities and maintains equilibrium of the body

Medulla oblongata
The rod shaped medulla oblongata is seen below the cerebrum, located near the cerebellum.
Controls involuntary actions like heart beat, breathing etc.

Hypothalamus
Situated just below the thalamus.
Plays a major role in the maintenance of homeostasis.

Many fissures and folds in the cerebral cortex  is an adaptation to include more number of neurons and there by increase the efficiency of cerebrum.

Medulla oblongata controls involuntary actions like heart beat and breathing. Any mild injury to medulla oblongata results malfunctioning of breathing and heartbeat and this may lead to death. 

Cerebellum maintains equilibrium of the body through muscular coordination.

The central nerve Spinal cord is seen as the continuation of medulla oblongata.

Spinal cord is protected inside the vertebral column and is covered by the meninges.

The  Central canal of the spinal cord is filled with cerebrospinal fluid.
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